Uzbekistan

Geography

Economics

Demographics

Military

Politics

Surface

Surface (in square kilometers)

Surface (in square miles)

Surface (water)

Water Surface (in square kilometers)

Water Surface (in square miles)

Share of water (%)

Temperature

Average temperature (in Celcius)

Average temperature (in Farenheit)

Average high temperature (in Celcius)

Average high temperature (in Farenheit)

Average low temperature (in Celcius)

Average low temperature (in Farenheit)

Rainfall

Average rainfall (mm)

Average rainfall (inch)

Distance to other capitals (kilometers)

Distance to other capitals (miles)

Proximity

Economic organizations

Gross Domestic Product (US$)

Gross Domestic Product per capita

Amount of memberships (economic organizations)

Absolute earnings for every 1$

Relative earnings

GDP in PPP per capita (in US$)

GDP in PPP per capita

Gross Domestic product (in million US$)

GDP per capita (in US$)

Surface GDP

GDP per square kilometer (in US$)

GDP per square mile(in US$)

Relative GDP in PPP

Population

Population density

Emigration

Immigration

Literacy

Health

Population density (in km2)

Population density (in mi2)

Religion

Christianity (share of the total population)

Islam (share of the total population)

Buddhism (share of the total population)

Hinduism (share of the total population)

Judaism (share of the total population)

Other religions (share of the total population)

Non-religious (share of the total population)

Military spending (in % of GDP)

Military spending

In total, Uzbekistan spends US$1.440 million on its military, or 2.4 percent of its GDP. This makes Uzbekistan the 71st highest military spender in the world and represents 0.075 percent of total global military expenditure.

The military of Uzbekistan consists of ground forces and an air force. Since its independence, Uzbekistan inherited its Soviet military structure as well as equipment. After independence from Russia, it voluntarily joined security treaties with Russia and has received training and equipment from Russia. However, Uzbekistan has also tried to diversify by buying military equipment from other states such as China and the United States.

Military membership

Uzbekistan is also a member of 5 international military organizations. This makes it the 94th most militarily connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
International Atomic Energy Agency
Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization
Non-Aligned Movement

Military membership

International wars

Uzbekistan has partaken in 2 international wars. These are:

Civil war in Tajikistan 1991-1997
South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes 2010-2010

Number of international wars fought

Military spending (in US$ million)

Membership (international political organizations)

In total, Uzbekistan is a member of 10 international political organizations. This makes it the 145th most connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Member state of the United Nations
International Labour Organization
Asia Cooperation Dialogue
Commonwealth of Independent States
Turkic Council
Organization of Islamic Cooperation
International Organization of Turkic Culture
Interpol
Association of World Election Bodies
World Organization for Animal Health

Political Membership

Democracy/dictatorship rating

It is the 163rd most democratic state in the world. This is largely due to dubious election results as well as limitations in regard to freedom of the press as well as limiting individual rights. Other democratic limitations are the abolishment of opposition parties as well as reports of torture.

Democracy/Dictatorship

The politics of Uzbekistan take place in the form of a presidential constitutional republic where the president is head of state, and the Prime Minister is head of government. Since its independence, Uzbekistan has been ruled by a single politician for more than 20 years until his death. The presidency as well as the legislative chamber follow a five-year election cycle.

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Uzbekistan is a member of 15 international economic organizations. This makes it the 51st most connected state in the world. It is a member of the following organizations:

Alliance for Financial Inclusion
Asian Development Bank
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges
International Energy Agency
International Monetary Fund
Islamic Development Bank
World Bank Group
World Customs Organization
World Trade Organization
Economic Cooperation Organization
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)

TRACECA Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia
Energy Charter Treaty
International Renewable Energy Agency

Uzbekistan

Known for its ancient ruins as well as its art, Uzbekistan, meaning sovereign land, has a long Imperial history. In its early history, the area was inhabited by the Cyntians which flourished during the rise of the silk Road. From the fourth century until the 19th century, the territory was under the control of several large empires, most notably the Empire of Alexander the great, the Arab conquest with the Abbasid caliphate, the Persian Empire, the Mongol Empire and eventually the Russian Empire. After the collapse of the Russian Empire and the rise of the Soviet Union, it has gained its current borders. After the fall of the Soviet Union, Uzbekistan became independent. Since then, Uzbekistan has joined several agreements with Russia, but has seen a rise in Islamic extremism which has increased its internal unrest.

Being a landlocked state located in central Asia, the geography of Uzbekistan consists of an elevated plateau with a small mountain range to its east. Most of its terrain is sparsely covered by low lying vegetation with the exception of its mountain range which is lightly forested. In total, Uzbekistan borders five other states with Kazakhstan to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south.

It is the 56th largest state with a total surface area of 449.637 square kilometers or 173.564 square miles. This makes Uzbekistan slightly smaller than Morocco and slightly larger than Sweden.

It has a total water surface area of 22.110 square kilometers or 8.543 square miles. This makes Uzbekistan the 26th largest state in the world.

Below, a graph is shown which displays the absolute amount of water of each state in square kilometers and square miles.

The main source of drinking water is surface water which comes from to large rivers. It also has two large bodies of water called the Aydar Ko'l and the Aral Sea, the latter of which has been heavily decreasing in size over the last 100 years.

The climate of Uzbekistan is a continental climate with large temperature fluctuations between its summer period and its winter period. Its summers are associated with a Mediterranean climate while its winters can have extreme freezing temperatures. The average temperature is 13 degrees Celsius or 55 degrees Fahrenheit. This makes Uzbekistan the 138th warmest state in the world.

The average high temperature is 19.7 degrees Celsius or 67 degrees Fahrenheit.

The average low temperature is 6.7 degrees Celsius or 44.1 degrees Fahrenheit.

Because of its central location, located far away from oceans, Uzbekistan receives a low amount of rainfall. During winter, it receives roughly 90 percent of all of its rainfall while it often does not receive any rainfall in its summer period. On average, Uzbekistan receives 3.4 centimetres or 12 inches of rainfall per year which ranks it as the 177th highest in the world.

The capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, is home to roughly 2.5 million people. The closest capital is Dushanbe, Tajikistan, with a distance of 296 kilometers or 184 miles. The capital that is the furthest removed is Santiago, Chile, with a distance of 16.420 kilometers or 10.203 miles.

The economy of Uzbekistan is mainly focused on the export of agricultural products, predominantly cotton which has been its main commodity throughout the Soviet Union era. Aside from cotton, it is also rich in minerals such as copper and uranium as well as large oil and gas reserves. However, these resources remain mostly untapped.

It has a GDP of US$56.323 million, which makes it the 83rd highest in the world and represents 0.067 percent of total global GDP.

Its GDP per surface area is the 140th highest in the world with US$125.262 per square kilometer or US$324.507 per square mile.

Its GDP per capita is the 153rd highest in the world with US$1.705.

The absolute earnings (GDP per capita) reflect the average yearly income. The figure below shows how much, on average, an inhabitant of another state earns for every $1 earned by a citizen of this state.

Its purchasing power parity per capita is the 132nd highest in the world with US$7.229.

The relative Gross Domestic Product in Purchasing Power Parity compares the purchasing power of this state with that of the rest of the world. The graph on the left shows how much purchasing power of 1$ compared to the purchasing power of other states

It is the 41st most populous state in the world with a total population of just over 33 million people. The majority, roughly 3/4, is ethnically Uzbeki with a sizable Russian minority.

It has the 108th highest population density in the world with 73 people per square kilometer or 190 people per square mile.

6.1 percent of its population, or nearly 2 million people, have migrated to other states. This makes Uzbekistan the 34th state with the highest number of emigrants and represents 0.8 percent of total global emigration. The main reason for migration has been economic and most migrants from Uzbekistan are employed in the construction sector which is solely responsible for 60 percent of all migrants.

Immigration to Uzbekistan is represented by 3.3 percent of the population, or just over 1 million people. This makes Uzbekistan the 38th state with the highest number of immigrants and represents 0.44 percent of total global immigration. The main supplier of migrants has been Russia where a large portion of Uzbeks have re-migrated after the fall of the Soviet Union.

The literacy rate in Uzbekistan is 99.5 percent which is the ninth highest in the world. Its education is free and compulsory between the age of six and 17. Its literacy rate is likely to drop due to a lowering of funding.

Healthcare in Uzbekistan is free and universal for all its citizens. It has a small private healthcare sector, but the majority is funded through public health care. The availability of healthcare is unevenly spread out throughout Uzbekistan and is only available in larger urban areas. The average life expectancy is 72 years which is the 115th highest in the world. Women have an average life expectancy of 74.3 years, while men have an average life expectancy of 69.8 years.

The government of Uzbekistan provides freedom of religion towards all religions and does not have a state religion. However, it has had clashes between radical Islamic students that attempted to declare Uzbekistan an Islamic Republic.

Christianity is represented by 1.9 percent of the population which makes it the 177th most Christian state in the world. Christianity has been present in Uzbekistan until the ninth century when most Christians were forced to flee or convert to Islam. Christianity was reintroduced after being conquered by the Russian Empire and today is mostly represented by the Russian minority which adheres to Orthodox Christianity.

Islam is the largest religion in Uzbekistan and is represented by 96.6 percent of the population. It was introduced during the eighth century.

Buddhism is represented by less than 0.01 percent of the population. Buddhism has been present in Uzbekistan for many centuries, but today, most Buddhists are migrants.

Hinduism is represented by less than 0.04 percent of the population and consists of a single Hare Krishna group.

Judaism is represented by 0.04 percent of the population.

Other religions are represented by 0.13 percent of the population and mainly consist of Zoroastrianism.

Irreligion is represented by 0.54 percent of the population.